+Английский, вариант 5
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №4
ВАРИАНТ 5
I. Выберите нужное причастие (Participle I or Participle II) из данных в скобках. Предложения перепишите и переведите.
1. Special signals (installing; installed) along the railroads help enginemen drive trains without accidents. 2. It is impossible to stop the train (moving; moved) at such a high speed quickly. 3. About 80 million passengers are (carrying; carried) by the Kuibyshev Railway annually. 4. CAV – is a British firm (producing; produced) diesel engines. 5. The day coach is the type of a passenger car (using; used) most often.
II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность глаголов to be и to have.
1. The builders had to explode the rock to construct the railway in this district. 2. Wooden ties have been replaced by concrete sleepers on this section of the new line. 3. In the early mornings the traffic is not very heavy but during rush hours it is increased. 4. The traffic regulations are to be observed by both drivers and pedestrians. 5. The city of Crewe is one of the busiest junctions in England; many railway lines pass through it.
III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитива (The Infinitive).
1. Japan was the first country to introduce the system of automatic ticket selling. 2. In Hong Kong the new trains carrying passengers to and from the airport are equipped with TV sets to give information on flights, news, tourist information and weather. 3. The aim of using several locomotives in one train is to carry extremely heavy loads. 4. To start the engine in such cold weather was very difficult. 5. The next train to arrive at platform 2 will be the 7:45 to Chicago.
IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитивной конструкции Сложное подлежащее (The Complex Subject).
1. The VL80 Locomotive is known to be designed for hauling trains of up to 4,500 tons on sections with steep gradients at speeds up to 110 km/h. 2. The flood was reported to have caused much damage to the railway track. 3. Engineers suppose a new “night vision system” to enable drivers to see better after dark. 4. The boxes with equipment were said to have been already unloaded. 5. Our present-day life seems to be quite impossible without telephone, radio and television.
V. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитивной конструкции Сложное дополнение (The Complex Object).
1. The scientists consider their discovery to produce great changes in the field of electronics. 2. They watched the plane go up until it became quite a small spot up in the sky. 3. We saw a man jump off the moving train. 4. The Management of the Railway expects a number of passengers to be increased in summer. 5. Bad weather conditions made pilots switch over to automatic control.
VI. Укажите, чем выражено определение в следующих словосочетаниях и переведите их.
1) a car developing a speed of 140 km/h; 2) the traffic safety rules; 3) the ways of improving passenger traffic; 4) a new device to be installed in the laboratory; 5) the driver fined for over-speeding; 6) the train approaching the station; 7) safe and reliable means of transportation; 8) tickets bought in advance; 9) large-scale construction; 10) new track-laying machines to be used in constructing the line.
VII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные типы условных предложений.
1. If I were you, I would follow his advice. 2. If she would have gone there by air, she had come on time, but there were no tickets. 3. Had the tunnel be bored, the road would have been 30 km shorter. 4. If the weather conditions are favorable, the construction of the bridge will be completed in time. 5. Were electric motors used, cars would not contaminate the air, would be practically noiseless and very easy to control.
VIII. Задайте вопросы к подчёркнутым словам (если подчёркнуто сказуемое, то задайте общий вопрос).
VIII. Задайте вопросы к подчёркнутым словам (если подчёркнуто сказуемое, то задайте общий вопрос).
1. Long steel bars on which the trains run are called the rails. 2. Express trains stop only at a few stations on their way. 3. Many old vehicles can be seen in the museum of transport. 4. There are special lanes for buses on some streets. 5. Railway engineers have designed a lot of devices which find their application in other branches of industry. 6. Machines replaced hard manual labor of loaders. 7. They had to stop to fuel the car. 8. The seats of modern design have been fitted in the automobile.
IX. Перепишите и переведите текст.
HOW TO AVOID TRAVELING
(after G. Mikes)
Travel is the name of a modern disease, which started in the mid-fifties and is still spreading. The patient grows restless in the early spring and starts rushing about from one travel agent to another, collecting useless information about the places he doesn’t intend to visit. Then, he or usually she, will do a round of shops* and spend much more than he or she can afford. Finally in August, the patient will board a plane, a train, a bus or a car and go to foreign countries along with thousands of his fellow-countrymen, not because he is interested in or attracted by some place, nor because he can afford to go but simply because he cannot afford not to. The result is that in the summer months (and in the last few years during the winter season too) everybody is on the move**.
What is the aim of traveling? Each nationality has its own different one. The Americans want to take photographs of themselves in different places. The idea is simply to collect documentary proof that they have been there. The German travels to check up on his guidebooks. Why do the English travel? First, because their neighbor does. Secondly, they were taught that travel broadens the mind***. But mainly they travel to avoid foreigners. I know many English people who travel in groups, stay in hotels where even the staff is English, eat roast beef and Yorkshire pudding on Sunday and steak-and-kidney pies on weekdays, all over Europe. The main aim of the Englishman abroad is to meet people, I mean, of course, nice English people from the next door or from the next street. It is possible, however, that the mania for traveling is coming to an end. A Roman friend of mine told me: “I no longer travel at all. I stay here because I want to meet my friends from all over the world.” “What exactly do you mean?” I asked. “It is simple,” he explained. “Whenever I go to London my friend Smith is in Tokyo and Brown is in Sicily. If I go to Paris, my friends are either in London or in Spain. But if I stay in Rome all my friends, I’m sure, will turn up at one time or another****. The world means people to me. I stay here because I want to see the world. Besides, staying at home broadens the mind.”
Notes: *to do a round of shops – идти от одного магазина к другому, покупая ч/л.
**to be on the move – путешествовать
***to broaden the mind – расширять кругозор
****at one time or another – раньше или позже
X. Укажите, какие утверждения соответствуют содержанию текста. Исправьте неправильные высказывания. Используйте фразы: It is true. It is false.
1. Travel is the name of a modern disease, which started in the mid-forties. 2. People begin thinking about traveling in the early spring. 3. Preparing for the trip, he or she spends more than he or she can afford. 4. In November people board planes, trains, buses, subway or cars and go to foreign countries. 5. In summer everybody stay at home. 6. Each nationality has its own aim of traveling. 7. The Americans travel because they want to check up on their guidebooks. 8. The English travel abroad to avoid foreigners and to meet nice English people. 9. The German travels all over Europe to eat roast beef and Yorkshire pudding. 10. Staying at home broadens the mind.
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